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main.js二十一框架是一个基于平台的极简灵活的应用开发框架它提供一系列强大的特性帮助你创建各种和移动设备应用使用可以快速地搭建一个完整功能的网站框架核心特性可以设置中间件来响应请求定义了路由表用于执行不同的请求动作可以通过向模板传递参数来动态渲染页面安装以上命令会将框架安装在当前目录的目录中目录下会自动创建目录其它依赖模块框架只能开发简单的网站如果要开发一个功能齐全的网站还需要安装一下模块中间件用于处理和编码的数据解析的工具通过可以取到传过来的并把它们转成对象中间件用于处理设置表单的编码的表单数据安装完后可以使用以下命令查看的版本号第一个框架应用我们使用框架开发一个服务输出应用范例访问地址为运行以上范例输出结果如下应用范例访问地址为在浏览器中访问请求和响应路由回调函数的参数和对象封装了请求和响应的数据和对象包含很多属性和方法对象对象表示请求包含了请求查询字符串参数内容头部等属性属性描述当为外部文件时用访问的实例获取路由当前安装的路径获得请求主体判断请求是否还新鲜获取主机名和地址获取原始请求获取路由的获取请求路径获取协议类型获取的查询参数串获取当前匹配的路由获取子域名检查可接受的请求的文档类型返回指定字符集的第一个可接受字符编码获取指定的请求头判断请求头的类型对象对象表示响应即在接收到请求时向客户端发送的响应数据属性描述同一样追加指定头在后将重置之前设置的头设置清除传送指定路径的文件返回指定的头传送响应传送响应只设置响应的头不设置状态码或者返回信息设置响应的头并且设置状态码传送响应传送指定路径的文件会自动根据文件设定设置头传入可以一次设置多个头设置状态码设置的类型路由前面我们已经学习开发了请求的基本应用而路由决定了由哪个脚本去响应客户端请求在请求中我们可以通过路由提取出请求的以及参数现在我们在基础上添加一些功能来处理更多类型的请求主页输出主页请求请求主页请求页面响应响应请求删除页面页面请求请求用户列表页面对页面等响应请求请求正则匹配应用实例访问地址为运行以上范例输出结果如下应用实例访问地址为我们可以尝试访问不同的地址查看效果访问首页访问访问访问静态文件内置的中间件可以设置静态文件如图片等我们可以将静态文件图片等放到目录下然后使用中间件来设置静态文件路径我们可以放一些图片到目录下如下所示然后修改我们的添加静态文件处理功能主页输出主页请求请求主页请求页面响应响应请求删除页面页面请求请求用户列表页面对页面等响应请求请求正则匹配应用实例访问地址为运行以上范例输出结果如下应用范例访问地址为在浏览器中访问路由方法现在我们使用开发一个表单然后接收和处理表单传过来的数据姓名提交主页输出主页请求输出格式请求主页请求页面响应响应请求删除页面页面请求请求用户列表页面对页面等响应请求请求正则匹配应用范例访问地址为运行以上范例输出结果如下应用范例访问地址为浏览器访问我们可以向表单输入数据然后提交路由方法上面我们已经用方法提交了表单现在我们在开发一个表单使用方法来提交表单我们需要使用插件来解析提交的表单方法提交表单姓名提交创建编码解析主页输出主页请求输出格式输出格式请求主页请求页面响应响应请求删除页面页面请求请求用户列表页面对页面等响应请求请求正则匹配应用范例访问地址为运行以上范例输出结果如下应用范例访问地址为浏览器访问我们可以向表单输入数据然后提交上传文件范例我们已经学过了如何用方法提交表单现在我们学习如何用方法开发上传文件范例上传文件的表单需要设置的属性为项目中需要设置文件上传表单文件上传选择一个文件上传上传文件创建编码解析主页输出主页请求上传的文件信息输出格式输出格式请求主页请求页面响应响应请求删除页面页面请求请求用户列表页面对页面等响应请求请求正则匹配应用范例访问地址为运行以上范例输出结果如下应用范例访问地址为浏览器访问我们可以选择图片然后点击上传按钮管理的对象的方法和方法可以用来设置和清除当使用中间件时还可以设置签名和获取信息下面我们就简单的演示下这些方法的使用创建编码解析主页输出主页请求设置设置了获取获取信息本站的信息如下上传的文件信息输出格式输出格式请求主页请求页面响应响应请求删除页面页面请求请求用户列表页面对页面等响应请求请求正则匹配应用范例访问地址为运行以上范例输出结果如下应用范例访问地址为浏览器访问我们可以选择图片然后点击上传按钮",isPost:!0,isHome:!1,isHighlightShrink:!0,isToc:!0,postUpdate:"2020-05-21 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headline">二十一、Node.js Express 框架</h1><span itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person">云少</span><time itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2020-05-21T14:29:54.000Z" title="发表于 2020-05-21 22:29:54">2020-05-21</time><time itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2020-05-21T14:29:54.000Z" title="更新于 2020-05-21 22:29:54">2020-05-21</time></header><h1 id="二十一、Node-js-Express-框架"><a href="#二十一、Node-js-Express-框架" class="headerlink" title="二十一、Node.js Express 框架"></a>二十一、Node.js Express 框架</h1><p>Express 是一个基于 Node.js 平台的极简、灵活的 web 应用开发框架，它提供一系列强大的特性，帮助你创建各种 Web 和移动设备应用</p><p>使用 Express 可以快速地搭建一个完整功能的网站</p><h3 id="Express-框架核心特性："><a href="#Express-框架核心特性：" class="headerlink" title="Express 框架核心特性："></a>Express 框架核心特性：</h3><p>1、 可以设置中间件来响应 HTTP 请求</p><p>2、 定义了路由表用于执行不同的 HTTP 请求动作</p><p>3、 可以通过向模板传递参数来动态渲染 HTML 页面</p><h3 id="安装-Express"><a href="#安装-Express" class="headerlink" title="安装 Express"></a>安装 Express</h3><figure class="highlight sh"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$ npm install express --save</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>以上命令会将 Express 框架安装在当前目录的 <strong>node_modules</strong> 目录中</p><p><strong>node_modules</strong> 目录下会自动创建 express 目录</p><h3 id="其它依赖模块"><a href="#其它依赖模块" class="headerlink" title="其它依赖模块"></a>其它依赖模块</h3><p>Express 框架只能开发简单的网站，如果要开发一个功能齐全的网站还需要安装一下模块</p><p>1、 <strong>body-parser</strong></p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Node.js 中间件，用于处理 JSON, Raw, Text 和 URL 编码的数据</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>2、 <strong>cookie-parser</strong></p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">解析 Cookie 的工具。通过 req.cookies 可以取到传过来的 cookie，并把它们转成对象</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>3、 <strong>multer</strong></p><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Node.js 中间件，用于处理 enctype=&quot;multipart/form-data&quot;（设置表单的MIME编码）的表单数据</span><br><span class="line">$ npm install body-parser --save</span><br><span class="line">$ npm install cookie-parser --save</span><br><span class="line">$ npm install multer --save</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>安装完后，可以使用以下命令查看 express 的版本号</p><figure class="highlight sh"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$ npm list express</span><br><span class="line">~/curl_main/node</span><br><span class="line">└── express@4.16.2 </span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id="第一个-Express-框架应用"><a href="#第一个-Express-框架应用" class="headerlink" title="第一个 Express 框架应用"></a>第一个 Express 框架应用</h2><p>我们使用 Express 框架开发一个 WEB 服务输出 “Hello World”</p><h4 id="main-js"><a href="#main-js" class="headerlink" title="main.js"></a>main.js</h4><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> express = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;express&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> app = <span class="title function_">express</span>();</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    res.<span class="title function_">write</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;&lt;h1&gt;Hello World&lt;/h1&gt;&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    res.<span class="title function_">write</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Hello World &lt;/p&gt;&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    res.<span class="title function_">end</span>();</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> server = app.<span class="title function_">listen</span>(<span class="number">8080</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">var</span> host = server.<span class="title function_">address</span>().<span class="property">address</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">var</span> port = server.<span class="title function_">address</span>().<span class="property">port</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;应用范例，访问地址为 http://%s:%s&quot;</span>, host, port)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>运行以上 Node.js Express 范例，输出结果如下</p><figure class="highlight sh"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$ node main.js </span><br><span class="line">应用范例，访问地址为 http://:::8080</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>在浏览器中访问 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener external nofollow noreferrer" href="http://127.0.0.1:8080/">http://127.0.0.1:8080</a></p><h2 id="请求和响应"><a href="#请求和响应" class="headerlink" title="请求和响应"></a>请求和响应</h2><p>Express 路由回调函数的参数： <strong>request</strong> 和 <strong>response</strong> 对象封装了请求和响应的数据</p><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="comment">// ...</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><strong>request</strong> 和 <strong>response</strong> 对象包含很多属性和方法</p><h3 id="Request-对象"><a href="#Request-对象" class="headerlink" title="Request 对象"></a>Request 对象</h3><p>request 对象表示 HTTP 请求，包含了请求查询字符串，参数，内容，HTTP 头部等属性</p><table><thead><tr><th align="center">属性</th><th align="center">描述</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center">req.app</td><td align="center">当 callback 为外部文件时，用 req.app 访问 express 的实例</td></tr><tr><td align="center">req.baseUrl</td><td align="center">获取路由当前安装的URL路径</td></tr><tr><td align="center">req.body req.cookies</td><td align="center">获得「请求主体」&#x2F; Cookies</td></tr><tr><td align="center">req.fresh req.stale</td><td align="center">判断请求是否还「新鲜」</td></tr><tr><td align="center">req.hostname req.ip</td><td align="center">获取主机名和IP地址</td></tr><tr><td align="center">req.originalUrl</td><td align="center">获取原始请求URL</td></tr><tr><td align="center">req.params</td><td align="center">获取路由的parameters</td></tr><tr><td align="center">req.path</td><td align="center">获取请求路径</td></tr><tr><td align="center">req.protocol</td><td align="center">获取协议类型</td></tr><tr><td align="center">req.query</td><td align="center">获取URL的查询参数串</td></tr><tr><td align="center">req.route</td><td align="center">获取当前匹配的路由</td></tr><tr><td align="center">req.subdomains</td><td align="center">获取子域名</td></tr><tr><td align="center">req.accepts()</td><td align="center">检查可接受的请求的文档类型</td></tr><tr><td align="center">req.acceptsCharsets req.acceptsEncodings req.acceptsLanguages</td><td align="center">返回指定字符集的第一个可接受字符编码</td></tr><tr><td align="center">req.get()</td><td align="center">获取指定的HTTP请求头</td></tr><tr><td align="center">req.is()</td><td align="center">判断请求头Content-Type的MIME类型</td></tr></tbody></table><h3 id="Response-对象"><a href="#Response-对象" class="headerlink" title="Response 对象"></a><strong>Response 对象</strong></h3><p>response 对象表示 HTTP 响应，即在接收到请求时向客户端发送的 HTTP 响应数据</p><table><thead><tr><th align="center">属性</th><th align="center">描述</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center">res.app</td><td align="center">同 req.app 一样</td></tr><tr><td align="center">res.append()</td><td align="center">追加指定 HTTP 头</td></tr><tr><td align="center">res.set()</td><td align="center">在 res.append() 后将重置之前设置的头</td></tr><tr><td align="center">res.cookie(name，value [，option])</td><td align="center">设置 Cookie</td></tr><tr><td align="center">res.clearCookie()</td><td align="center">清除 Cookie</td></tr><tr><td align="center">res.download()</td><td align="center">传送指定路径的文件</td></tr><tr><td align="center">res.get()</td><td align="center">返回指定的HTTP头</td></tr><tr><td align="center">res.json()</td><td align="center">传送JSON响应</td></tr><tr><td align="center">res.jsonp()</td><td align="center">传送JSONP响应</td></tr><tr><td align="center">res.location()</td><td align="center">只设置响应的 Location HTTP 头，不设置状态码或者返回信息</td></tr><tr><td align="center">res.redirect()</td><td align="center">设置响应的Location HTTP头，并且设置状态码302</td></tr><tr><td align="center">res.send()</td><td align="center">传送HTTP响应</td></tr><tr><td align="center">res.sendFile(path [，options] [，fn])</td><td align="center">传送指定路径的文件，会自动根据文件 extension 设定 Content-Type</td></tr><tr><td align="center">res.set()</td><td align="center">设置 HTTP 头，传入 object 可以一次设置多个头</td></tr><tr><td align="center">res.status()</td><td align="center">设置 HTTP 状态码</td></tr><tr><td align="center">res.type()</td><td align="center">设置 Content-Type 的 MIME 类型</td></tr></tbody></table><h2 id="Express-路由"><a href="#Express-路由" class="headerlink" title="Express 路由"></a>Express 路由</h2><p>前面我们已经学习开发了 HTTP 请求的基本应用，而路由决定了由哪个脚本去响应客户端请求</p><p>在 HTTP 请求中，我们可以通过路由提取出请求的 URL 以及 GET&#x2F;POST 参数</p><p>现在我们在 Hello World 基础上添加一些功能来处理更多类型的 HTTP 请求</p><h4 id="main-js-1"><a href="#main-js-1" class="headerlink" title="main.js"></a>main.js</h4><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> express = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;express&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> app = <span class="title function_">express</span>();</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//  主页输出 &quot;Hello World&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;主页 GET 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Hello GET&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//  POST 请求</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">post</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;主页 POST 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Hello POST&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//  /user/del 页面响应</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/user/dell&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;/del_user 响应 DELETE 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;删除页面&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//  /user/list 页面 GET 请求</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/user/list&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;/user/list GET 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;用户列表页面&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 对页面 abcd, abxcd, ab123cd, 等响应 GET 请求</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/ab*cd&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;   </span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;/ab*cd GET 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;正则匹配&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> server = app.<span class="title function_">listen</span>(<span class="number">8080</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">var</span> host = server.<span class="title function_">address</span>().<span class="property">address</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">var</span> port = server.<span class="title function_">address</span>().<span class="property">port</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;应用实例，访问地址为 http://%s:%s&quot;</span>, host, port)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>运行以上 Node.js Express 范例，输出结果如下</p><figure class="highlight sh"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$ node main.js</span><br><span class="line">应用实例，访问地址为 http://:::8080</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>我们可以尝试访问 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener external nofollow noreferrer" href="http://127.0.0.1:8080/">http://127.0.0.1:8080</a> 不同的地址查看效果</p><p>1、 访问首页 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener external nofollow noreferrer" href="http://127.0.0.1:8080/">http://127.0.0.1:8080</a></p><p>2、 访问 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener external nofollow noreferrer" href="http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/list">http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/list</a></p><p>3、 访问 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener external nofollow noreferrer" href="http://127.0.0.1:8080/abcd">http://127.0.0.1:8080/abcd</a></p><p>4、 访问 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener external nofollow noreferrer" href="http://127.0.0.1:8080/abcdefg">http://127.0.0.1:8080/abcdefg</a></p><h2 id="静态文件"><a href="#静态文件" class="headerlink" title="静态文件"></a>静态文件</h2><p>Express 内置的中间件 <strong>express.static</strong> 可以设置静态文件 ( 如：图片， CSS, JavaScript 等)</p><p>我们可以将静态文件 ( 图片， CSS, JavaScript ) 等放到 static 目录下，然后使用 <strong>express.static</strong> 中间件来设置静态文件路径</p><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">use</span>(express.<span class="title function_">static</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;static&#x27;</span>));</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>我们可以放一些图片到 static&#x2F;img 目录下，如下所示</p><figure class="highlight sh"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$ tree static </span><br><span class="line">static</span><br><span class="line">└── static</span><br><span class="line">    ├── css</span><br><span class="line">    ├── img</span><br><span class="line">    │   ├── nodejs_express_1.jpeg</span><br><span class="line">    │   ├── nodejs_express_2.jpeg</span><br><span class="line">    │   ├── nodejs_express_3.jpeg</span><br><span class="line">    │   ├── nodejs_express_4.jpeg</span><br><span class="line">    │   └── nodejs_express_5.jpeg</span><br><span class="line">    ├── js</span><br><span class="line">    └── media</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">5 directories, 5 files</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>然后修改我们的 main.js 添加静态文件处理功能</p><h4 id="main-js-2"><a href="#main-js-2" class="headerlink" title="main.js"></a>main.js</h4><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> express = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;express&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> app = <span class="title function_">express</span>();</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">use</span>(express.<span class="title function_">static</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;static&#x27;</span>));</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//  主页输出 &quot;Hello World&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;主页 GET 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Hello GET&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//  POST 请求</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">post</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;主页 POST 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Hello POST&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//  /user/del 页面响应</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/user/dell&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;/del_user 响应 DELETE 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;删除页面&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//  /user/list 页面 GET 请求</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/user/list&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;/user/list GET 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;用户列表页面&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 对页面 abcd, abxcd, ab123cd, 等响应 GET 请求</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/ab*cd&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;   </span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;/ab*cd GET 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;正则匹配&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> server = app.<span class="title function_">listen</span>(<span class="number">8080</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">var</span> host = server.<span class="title function_">address</span>().<span class="property">address</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">var</span> port = server.<span class="title function_">address</span>().<span class="property">port</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;应用实例，访问地址为 http://%s:%s&quot;</span>, host, port)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>运行以上 Node.js Express 范例，输出结果如下</p><figure class="highlight sh"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$ node main.js                                              </span><br><span class="line">Node.js Express 应用范例，访问地址为 http://:::8080</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>在浏览器中访问 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener external nofollow noreferrer" href="http://127.0.0.1:8080/static/img/nodejs_express_1.jpeg">http://127.0.0.1:8080/static/img/nodejs_express_1.jpeg</a></p><h2 id="Express-路由-GET-方法"><a href="#Express-路由-GET-方法" class="headerlink" title="Express 路由 GET 方法"></a>Express 路由 GET 方法</h2><p>现在我们使用 Express 开发一个表单，然后接收和处理表单传过来的数据</p><h4 id="form-get-html"><a href="#form-get-html" class="headerlink" title="form_get.html"></a>form_get.html</h4><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">body</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">form</span> <span class="attr">action</span>=<span class="string">&quot;http://127.0.0.1:8080/get&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span>姓: <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">&quot;text&quot;</span> <span class="attr">name</span>=<span class="string">&quot;first_name&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">名: <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">&quot;text&quot;</span> <span class="attr">name</span>=<span class="string">&quot;last_name&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">&quot;submit&quot;</span> <span class="attr">value</span>=<span class="string">&quot;提交&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">form</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">body</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="main-js-3"><a href="#main-js-3" class="headerlink" title="main.js"></a>main.js</h4><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> express = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;express&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> app = <span class="title function_">express</span>();</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">use</span>(express.<span class="title function_">static</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;static&#x27;</span>));</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//  主页输出 &quot;Hello World&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;主页 GET 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Hello GET&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/form_get.html&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">sendFile</span>( __dirname + <span class="string">&quot;/&quot;</span> + <span class="string">&quot;form_get.html&quot;</span> );</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/get&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="comment">// 输出 JSON 格式</span></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">var</span> response = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">       <span class="string">&quot;first_name&quot;</span>:req.<span class="property">query</span>.<span class="property">first_name</span>,</span><br><span class="line">       <span class="string">&quot;last_name&quot;</span>:req.<span class="property">query</span>.<span class="property">last_name</span></span><br><span class="line">   &#125;;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(response);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">end</span>(<span class="title class_">JSON</span>.<span class="title function_">stringify</span>(response));</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//  POST 请求</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">post</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;主页 POST 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Hello POST&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//  /user/del 页面响应</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/user/dell&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;/del_user 响应 DELETE 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;删除页面&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//  /user/list 页面 GET 请求</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/user/list&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;/user/list GET 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;用户列表页面&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 对页面 abcd, abxcd, ab123cd, 等响应 GET 请求</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/ab*cd&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;   </span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;/ab*cd GET 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;正则匹配&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> server = app.<span class="title function_">listen</span>(<span class="number">8080</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">var</span> host = server.<span class="title function_">address</span>().<span class="property">address</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">var</span> port = server.<span class="title function_">address</span>().<span class="property">port</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Node.js Express 应用范例，访问地址为 http://%s:%s&quot;</span>, host, port)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>运行以上 Node.js Express 范例，输出结果如下</p><figure class="highlight sh"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$ node main.js                   </span><br><span class="line">Node.js Express 应用范例，访问地址为 http://:::8080</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>浏览器访问 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener external nofollow noreferrer" href="http://127.0.0.1:8080/form_get.html%EF%BC%8C%E6%88%91%E4%BB%AC%E5%8F%AF%E4%BB%A5%E5%90%91%E8%A1%A8%E5%8D%95%E8%BE%93%E5%85%A5%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%EF%BC%8C%E7%84%B6%E5%90%8E%E6%8F%90%E4%BA%A4">http://127.0.0.1:8080/form_get.html，我们可以向表单输入数据，然后提交</a></p><h2 id="Express-路由-POST-方法"><a href="#Express-路由-POST-方法" class="headerlink" title="Express 路由 POST 方法"></a>Express 路由 POST 方法</h2><p>上面我们已经用 GET 方法提交了表单，现在我们在开发一个表单，使用 POST 方法来提交表单</p><p>我们需要使用 <strong>body-parser</strong> 插件来解析 POST 提交的表单</p><h4 id="form-post-html"><a href="#form-post-html" class="headerlink" title="form_post.html"></a>form_post.html</h4><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">body</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">form</span> <span class="attr">action</span>=<span class="string">&quot;http://127.0.0.1:8080/post&quot;</span> <span class="attr">method</span>=<span class="string">&quot;POST&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">POST 方法提交表单</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">姓: <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">&quot;text&quot;</span> <span class="attr">name</span>=<span class="string">&quot;first_name&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">名: <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">&quot;text&quot;</span> <span class="attr">name</span>=<span class="string">&quot;last_name&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">&quot;submit&quot;</span> <span class="attr">value</span>=<span class="string">&quot;提交&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">form</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">body</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="main-js-4"><a href="#main-js-4" class="headerlink" title="main.js"></a>main.js</h4><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br><span class="line">82</span><br><span class="line">83</span><br><span class="line">84</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> express = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;express&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> app = <span class="title function_">express</span>();</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> bodyParser = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;body-parser&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">use</span>(express.<span class="title function_">static</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;static&#x27;</span>));</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 创建 application/x-www-form-urlencoded 编码解析</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> urlencodedParser = bodyParser.<span class="title function_">urlencoded</span>(&#123; <span class="attr">extended</span>: <span class="literal">false</span> &#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//  主页输出 &quot;Hello World&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;主页 GET 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Hello GET&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/form_post.html&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">sendFile</span>( __dirname + <span class="string">&quot;/&quot;</span> + <span class="string">&quot;form_post.html&quot;</span> );</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">post</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/post&#x27;</span>, urlencodedParser, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="comment">// 输出 JSON 格式</span></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">var</span> response = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">       <span class="string">&quot;first_name&quot;</span>:req.<span class="property">body</span>.<span class="property">first_name</span>,</span><br><span class="line">       <span class="string">&quot;last_name&quot;</span>:req.<span class="property">body</span>.<span class="property">last_name</span></span><br><span class="line">   &#125;;</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">end</span>(<span class="title class_">JSON</span>.<span class="title function_">stringify</span>(response));</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/form_get.html&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">sendFile</span>( __dirname + <span class="string">&quot;/&quot;</span> + <span class="string">&quot;form_get.html&quot;</span> );</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/get&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="comment">// 输出 JSON 格式</span></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">var</span> response = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">       <span class="string">&quot;first_name&quot;</span>:req.<span class="property">query</span>.<span class="property">first_name</span>,</span><br><span class="line">       <span class="string">&quot;last_name&quot;</span>:req.<span class="property">query</span>.<span class="property">last_name</span></span><br><span class="line">   &#125;;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(response);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">end</span>(<span class="title class_">JSON</span>.<span class="title function_">stringify</span>(response));</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//  POST 请求</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">post</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;主页 POST 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Hello POST&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//  /user/del 页面响应</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/user/dell&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;/del_user 响应 DELETE 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;删除页面&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//  /user/list 页面 GET 请求</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/user/list&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;/user/list GET 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;用户列表页面&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 对页面 abcd, abxcd, ab123cd, 等响应 GET 请求</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/ab*cd&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;   </span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;/ab*cd GET 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;正则匹配&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> server = app.<span class="title function_">listen</span>(<span class="number">8080</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">var</span> host = server.<span class="title function_">address</span>().<span class="property">address</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">var</span> port = server.<span class="title function_">address</span>().<span class="property">port</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Node.js Express 应用范例，访问地址为 http://%s:%s&quot;</span>, host, port)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>运行以上 Node.js Express 范例，输出结果如下</p><figure class="highlight sh"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$ node main.js                   </span><br><span class="line">Node.js Express 应用范例，访问地址为 http://:::8080</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>浏览器访问 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener external nofollow noreferrer" href="http://127.0.0.1:8080/form_post.html">http://127.0.0.1:8080/form_post.html</a></p><p>我们可以向表单输入数据，然后提交</p><h2 id="Express-上传文件范例"><a href="#Express-上传文件范例" class="headerlink" title="Express 上传文件范例"></a>Express 上传文件范例</h2><p>我们已经学过了如何用 POST 方法提交表单，现在我们学习如何用 POST 方法开发上传文件范例</p><p>上传文件的表单需要设置 form 的 enctype 属性为 “multipart&#x2F;form-data”</p><p>Express 项目中需要设置</p><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> multer  = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;multer&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">use</span>(<span class="title function_">multer</span>(&#123; <span class="attr">dest</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;/tmp/&#x27;</span>&#125;).<span class="title function_">array</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;image&#x27;</span>));</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="form-upload-html"><a href="#form-upload-html" class="headerlink" title="form_upload.html"></a>form_upload.html</h4><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span>文件上传表单<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">body</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">h3</span>&gt;</span>文件上传：<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">h3</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">选择一个文件上传:</span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">form</span> <span class="attr">action</span>=<span class="string">&quot;/upload&quot;</span> <span class="attr">method</span>=<span class="string">&quot;post&quot;</span> <span class="attr">enctype</span>=<span class="string">&quot;multipart/form-data&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">&quot;file&quot;</span> <span class="attr">name</span>=<span class="string">&quot;image&quot;</span> <span class="attr">size</span>=<span class="string">&quot;50&quot;</span> /&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span> /&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">input</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">&quot;submit&quot;</span> <span class="attr">value</span>=<span class="string">&quot;上传文件&quot;</span> /&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">form</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">body</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="main-js-5"><a href="#main-js-5" class="headerlink" title="main.js"></a>main.js</h4><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br><span class="line">82</span><br><span class="line">83</span><br><span class="line">84</span><br><span class="line">85</span><br><span class="line">86</span><br><span class="line">87</span><br><span class="line">88</span><br><span class="line">89</span><br><span class="line">90</span><br><span class="line">91</span><br><span class="line">92</span><br><span class="line">93</span><br><span class="line">94</span><br><span class="line">95</span><br><span class="line">96</span><br><span class="line">97</span><br><span class="line">98</span><br><span class="line">99</span><br><span class="line">100</span><br><span class="line">101</span><br><span class="line">102</span><br><span class="line">103</span><br><span class="line">104</span><br><span class="line">105</span><br><span class="line">106</span><br><span class="line">107</span><br><span class="line">108</span><br><span class="line">109</span><br><span class="line">110</span><br><span class="line">111</span><br><span class="line">112</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> express = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;express&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> fs = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;fs&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> app = <span class="title function_">express</span>();</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> bodyParser = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;body-parser&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> multer  = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;multer&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">use</span>(<span class="title function_">multer</span>(&#123; <span class="attr">dest</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;/tmp/&#x27;</span>&#125;).<span class="title function_">array</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;image&#x27;</span>));</span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">use</span>(express.<span class="title function_">static</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;static&#x27;</span>));</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 创建 application/x-www-form-urlencoded 编码解析</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> urlencodedParser = bodyParser.<span class="title function_">urlencoded</span>(&#123; <span class="attr">extended</span>: <span class="literal">false</span> &#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//  主页输出 &quot;Hello World&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;主页 GET 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Hello GET&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/form_upload.html&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">sendFile</span>( __dirname + <span class="string">&quot;/&quot;</span> + <span class="string">&quot;form_upload.html&quot;</span> );</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">post</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/upload&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(req.<span class="property">files</span>[<span class="number">0</span>]);  <span class="comment">// 上传的文件信息</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">var</span> des_file = __dirname + <span class="string">&quot;/&quot;</span> + req.<span class="property">files</span>[<span class="number">0</span>].<span class="property">originalname</span>;</span><br><span class="line">   fs.<span class="title function_">readFile</span>( req.<span class="property">files</span>[<span class="number">0</span>].<span class="property">path</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">err, data</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        fs.<span class="title function_">writeFile</span>(des_file, data, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">err</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">         <span class="keyword">if</span>( err )&#123;</span><br><span class="line">              <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>( err );</span><br><span class="line">         &#125;<span class="keyword">else</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">               response = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                   <span class="attr">message</span>:<span class="string">&#x27;File uploaded successfully&#x27;</span>, </span><br><span class="line">                   <span class="attr">filename</span>:req.<span class="property">files</span>[<span class="number">0</span>].<span class="property">originalname</span></span><br><span class="line">              &#125;;</span><br><span class="line">          &#125;</span><br><span class="line">          <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>( response );</span><br><span class="line">          res.<span class="title function_">end</span>( <span class="title class_">JSON</span>.<span class="title function_">stringify</span>( response ) );</span><br><span class="line">       &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">   &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/form_post.html&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">sendFile</span>( __dirname + <span class="string">&quot;/&quot;</span> + <span class="string">&quot;form_post.html&quot;</span> );</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">post</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/post&#x27;</span>, urlencodedParser, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="comment">// 输出 JSON 格式</span></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">var</span> response = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">       <span class="string">&quot;first_name&quot;</span>:req.<span class="property">body</span>.<span class="property">first_name</span>,</span><br><span class="line">       <span class="string">&quot;last_name&quot;</span>:req.<span class="property">body</span>.<span class="property">last_name</span></span><br><span class="line">   &#125;;</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">end</span>(<span class="title class_">JSON</span>.<span class="title function_">stringify</span>(response));</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/form_get.html&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">sendFile</span>( __dirname + <span class="string">&quot;/&quot;</span> + <span class="string">&quot;form_get.html&quot;</span> );</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/get&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="comment">// 输出 JSON 格式</span></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">var</span> response = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">       <span class="string">&quot;first_name&quot;</span>:req.<span class="property">query</span>.<span class="property">first_name</span>,</span><br><span class="line">       <span class="string">&quot;last_name&quot;</span>:req.<span class="property">query</span>.<span class="property">last_name</span></span><br><span class="line">   &#125;;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(response);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">end</span>(<span class="title class_">JSON</span>.<span class="title function_">stringify</span>(response));</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//  POST 请求</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">post</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;主页 POST 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Hello POST&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//  /user/del 页面响应</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/user/dell&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;/del_user 响应 DELETE 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;删除页面&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//  /user/list 页面 GET 请求</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/user/list&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;/user/list GET 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;用户列表页面&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 对页面 abcd, abxcd, ab123cd, 等响应 GET 请求</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/ab*cd&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;   </span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;/ab*cd GET 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;正则匹配&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> server = app.<span class="title function_">listen</span>(<span class="number">8080</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">var</span> host = server.<span class="title function_">address</span>().<span class="property">address</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">var</span> port = server.<span class="title function_">address</span>().<span class="property">port</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Node.js Express 应用范例，访问地址为 http://%s:%s&quot;</span>, host, port)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>运行以上 Node.js Express 范例，输出结果如下</p><figure class="highlight sh"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$ node main.js                   </span><br><span class="line">Node.js Express 应用范例，访问地址为 http://:::8080</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>浏览器访问 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener external nofollow noreferrer" href="http://127.0.0.1:8080/form_upload.html%EF%BC%8C%E6%88%91%E4%BB%AC%E5%8F%AF%E4%BB%A5%E9%80%89%E6%8B%A9%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87%EF%BC%8C%E7%84%B6%E5%90%8E%E7%82%B9%E5%87%BB%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0%E6%8C%89%E9%92%AE">http://127.0.0.1:8080/form_upload.html，我们可以选择图片，然后点击上传按钮</a></p><h2 id="Express-Cookie-管理"><a href="#Express-Cookie-管理" class="headerlink" title="Express Cookie 管理"></a>Express Cookie 管理</h2><p>Express 的 <strong>response</strong> 对象的 <strong>res.cookie()</strong> 方法和 <strong>res.clearCookie</strong> 方法可以用来设置和清除 Cookie</p><p>当使用 <strong>cookie-parser</strong> 中间件时，还可以设置签名 Cookie 和 获取 Cookie 信息</p><p>下面我们就简单的演示下这些方法的使用</p><h4 id="main-js-6"><a href="#main-js-6" class="headerlink" title="main.js"></a>main.js</h4><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br><span class="line">82</span><br><span class="line">83</span><br><span class="line">84</span><br><span class="line">85</span><br><span class="line">86</span><br><span class="line">87</span><br><span class="line">88</span><br><span class="line">89</span><br><span class="line">90</span><br><span class="line">91</span><br><span class="line">92</span><br><span class="line">93</span><br><span class="line">94</span><br><span class="line">95</span><br><span class="line">96</span><br><span class="line">97</span><br><span class="line">98</span><br><span class="line">99</span><br><span class="line">100</span><br><span class="line">101</span><br><span class="line">102</span><br><span class="line">103</span><br><span class="line">104</span><br><span class="line">105</span><br><span class="line">106</span><br><span class="line">107</span><br><span class="line">108</span><br><span class="line">109</span><br><span class="line">110</span><br><span class="line">111</span><br><span class="line">112</span><br><span class="line">113</span><br><span class="line">114</span><br><span class="line">115</span><br><span class="line">116</span><br><span class="line">117</span><br><span class="line">118</span><br><span class="line">119</span><br><span class="line">120</span><br><span class="line">121</span><br><span class="line">122</span><br><span class="line">123</span><br><span class="line">124</span><br><span class="line">125</span><br><span class="line">126</span><br><span class="line">127</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> express = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;express&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> fs = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;fs&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> app = <span class="title function_">express</span>();</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> bodyParser = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;body-parser&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> multer  = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;multer&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> cookieParser = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;cookie-parser&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">use</span>(<span class="title function_">cookieParser</span>());</span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">use</span>(<span class="title function_">multer</span>(&#123; <span class="attr">dest</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;/tmp/&#x27;</span>&#125;).<span class="title function_">array</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;image&#x27;</span>));</span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">use</span>(express.<span class="title function_">static</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;static&#x27;</span>));</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 创建 application/x-www-form-urlencoded 编码解析</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> urlencodedParser = bodyParser.<span class="title function_">urlencoded</span>(&#123; <span class="attr">extended</span>: <span class="literal">false</span> &#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//  主页输出 &quot;Hello World&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;主页 GET 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Hello GET&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/cookie/set&#x27;</span>,<span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">req,res</span>)&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    res.<span class="title function_">cookie</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;sitename&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;Hello World&#x27;</span>, &#123; <span class="attr">maxAge</span>: <span class="number">900000</span>, <span class="attr">httpOnly</span>: <span class="literal">true</span> &#125;)</span><br><span class="line">    res.<span class="title function_">write</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;&lt;h1&gt;设置 Cookie &lt;/h1&gt;&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    res.<span class="title function_">write</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;&lt;p&gt;设置了 Cookie: sitename=&quot;Hello World&quot; &lt;/p&gt;&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    res.<span class="title function_">end</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/cookie/get&quot;&gt;获取 Cookie&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/cookie/get&#x27;</span>,<span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">req,res</span>)&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    res.<span class="title function_">write</span>(<span class="string">&quot;&lt;h1&gt;获取 Cookie 信息 &lt;/h1&gt;&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    res.<span class="title function_">write</span>(<span class="string">&quot;&lt;p&gt;本站的 Cookie 信息如下:&quot;</span> + <span class="title class_">JSON</span>.<span class="title function_">stringify</span>(req.<span class="property">cookies</span>) + <span class="string">&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    res.<span class="title function_">end</span>();</span><br><span class="line">&#125;);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/form_upload.html&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">sendFile</span>( __dirname + <span class="string">&quot;/&quot;</span> + <span class="string">&quot;form_upload.html&quot;</span> );</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">post</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/upload&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(req.<span class="property">files</span>[<span class="number">0</span>]);  <span class="comment">// 上传的文件信息</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">var</span> des_file = __dirname + <span class="string">&quot;/&quot;</span> + req.<span class="property">files</span>[<span class="number">0</span>].<span class="property">originalname</span>;</span><br><span class="line">   fs.<span class="title function_">readFile</span>( req.<span class="property">files</span>[<span class="number">0</span>].<span class="property">path</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">err, data</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        fs.<span class="title function_">writeFile</span>(des_file, data, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">err</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">         <span class="keyword">if</span>( err )&#123;</span><br><span class="line">              <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>( err );</span><br><span class="line">         &#125;<span class="keyword">else</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">               response = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                   <span class="attr">message</span>:<span class="string">&#x27;File uploaded successfully&#x27;</span>, </span><br><span class="line">                   <span class="attr">filename</span>:req.<span class="property">files</span>[<span class="number">0</span>].<span class="property">originalname</span></span><br><span class="line">              &#125;;</span><br><span class="line">          &#125;</span><br><span class="line">          <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>( response );</span><br><span class="line">          res.<span class="title function_">end</span>( <span class="title class_">JSON</span>.<span class="title function_">stringify</span>( response ) );</span><br><span class="line">       &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">   &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/form_post.html&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">sendFile</span>( __dirname + <span class="string">&quot;/&quot;</span> + <span class="string">&quot;form_post.html&quot;</span> );</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">post</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/post&#x27;</span>, urlencodedParser, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="comment">// 输出 JSON 格式</span></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">var</span> response = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">       <span class="string">&quot;first_name&quot;</span>:req.<span class="property">body</span>.<span class="property">first_name</span>,</span><br><span class="line">       <span class="string">&quot;last_name&quot;</span>:req.<span class="property">body</span>.<span class="property">last_name</span></span><br><span class="line">   &#125;;</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">end</span>(<span class="title class_">JSON</span>.<span class="title function_">stringify</span>(response));</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/form_get.html&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">sendFile</span>( __dirname + <span class="string">&quot;/&quot;</span> + <span class="string">&quot;form_get.html&quot;</span> );</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/get&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="comment">// 输出 JSON 格式</span></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">var</span> response = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">       <span class="string">&quot;first_name&quot;</span>:req.<span class="property">query</span>.<span class="property">first_name</span>,</span><br><span class="line">       <span class="string">&quot;last_name&quot;</span>:req.<span class="property">query</span>.<span class="property">last_name</span></span><br><span class="line">   &#125;;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(response);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">end</span>(<span class="title class_">JSON</span>.<span class="title function_">stringify</span>(response));</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//  POST 请求</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">post</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;主页 POST 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;Hello POST&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//  /user/del 页面响应</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/user/dell&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;/del_user 响应 DELETE 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;删除页面&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//  /user/list 页面 GET 请求</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/user/list&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;/user/list GET 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;用户列表页面&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 对页面 abcd, abxcd, ab123cd, 等响应 GET 请求</span></span><br><span class="line">app.<span class="title function_">get</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;/ab*cd&#x27;</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">req, res</span>) &#123;   </span><br><span class="line">   <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;/ab*cd GET 请求&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   res.<span class="title function_">send</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;正则匹配&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> server = app.<span class="title function_">listen</span>(<span class="number">8080</span>, <span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">var</span> host = server.<span class="title function_">address</span>().<span class="property">address</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">var</span> port = server.<span class="title function_">address</span>().<span class="property">port</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Node.js Express 应用范例，访问地址为 http://%s:%s&quot;</span>, host, port)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>运行以上 Node.js Express 范例，输出结果如下</p><figure class="highlight sh"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$ node main.js                   </span><br><span class="line">Node.js Express 应用范例，访问地址为 http://:::8080</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>浏览器访问 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener external nofollow noreferrer" href="http://127.0.0.1:8080/cookie/get.html%EF%BC%8C%E6%88%91%E4%BB%AC%E5%8F%AF%E4%BB%A5%E9%80%89%E6%8B%A9%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87%EF%BC%8C%E7%84%B6%E5%90%8E%E7%82%B9%E5%87%BB%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0%E6%8C%89%E9%92%AE">http://127.0.0.1:8080/cookie/get.html，我们可以选择图片，然后点击上传按钮</a></p></article><div class="post-copyright"><div class="copyright-cc-box"><i class="anzhiyufont 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class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%80%E3%80%81Node-js-Express-%E6%A1%86%E6%9E%B6"><span class="toc-number">1.</span> <span class="toc-text">二十一、Node.js Express 框架</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#Express-%E6%A1%86%E6%9E%B6%E6%A0%B8%E5%BF%83%E7%89%B9%E6%80%A7%EF%BC%9A"><span class="toc-number">1.0.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">Express 框架核心特性：</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85-Express"><span class="toc-number">1.0.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">安装 Express</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%85%B6%E5%AE%83%E4%BE%9D%E8%B5%96%E6%A8%A1%E5%9D%97"><span class="toc-number">1.0.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">其它依赖模块</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA-Express-%E6%A1%86%E6%9E%B6%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8"><span class="toc-number">1.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">第一个 Express 框架应用</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#main-js"><span class="toc-number">1.1.0.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">main.js</span></a></li></ol></li></ol><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E8%AF%B7%E6%B1%82%E5%92%8C%E5%93%8D%E5%BA%94"><span class="toc-number">1.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">请求和响应</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#Request-%E5%AF%B9%E8%B1%A1"><span class="toc-number">1.2.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">Request 对象</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#Response-%E5%AF%B9%E8%B1%A1"><span class="toc-number">1.2.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">Response 对象</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#Express-%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1"><span class="toc-number">1.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">Express 路由</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#main-js-1"><span class="toc-number">1.3.0.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">main.js</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E9%9D%99%E6%80%81%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6"><span class="toc-number">1.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">静态文件</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#main-js-2"><span class="toc-number">1.4.0.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">main.js</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#Express-%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1-GET-%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95"><span class="toc-number">1.5.</span> <span class="toc-text">Express 路由 GET 方法</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#form-get-html"><span class="toc-number">1.5.0.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">form_get.html</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#main-js-3"><span class="toc-number">1.5.0.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">main.js</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#Express-%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1-POST-%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95"><span class="toc-number">1.6.</span> <span class="toc-text">Express 路由 POST 方法</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#form-post-html"><span class="toc-number">1.6.0.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">form_post.html</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#main-js-4"><span class="toc-number">1.6.0.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">main.js</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#Express-%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%E8%8C%83%E4%BE%8B"><span class="toc-number">1.7.</span> <span class="toc-text">Express 上传文件范例</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#form-upload-html"><span class="toc-number">1.7.0.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">form_upload.html</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#main-js-5"><span class="toc-number">1.7.0.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">main.js</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#Express-Cookie-%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86"><span class="toc-number">1.8.</span> <span class="toc-text">Express Cookie 管理</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#main-js-6"><span class="toc-number">1.8.0.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">main.js</span></a></li></ol></li></div></div></div></div></div></main><footer id="footer"><div id="footer-wrap"><div id="footer_deal"><a class="deal_link" href="mailto:2071916845@qq.com" rel="external nofollow noreferrer" title="email"><i 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